What is Brain Stroke and its treatment with detail

🧠 What is Stroke?

A stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted — either due to a blockage (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). Without oxygen, brain cells begin to die within minutes.

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🔍 Why Does Stroke Happen?

Types of Stroke:

- Ischemic Stroke: Caused by a blood clot blocking a brain artery (most common).

- Hemorrhagic Stroke: Caused by a ruptured blood vessel bleeding into the brain.

- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A temporary blockage — often a warning sign of a future stroke.

Risk Factors:

- High blood pressure

- Diabetes

- High cholesterol

- Smoking

- Obesity

- Heart rhythm disorders (e.g., atrial fibrillation)

- Stress and lack of exercise

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⚠️ Symptoms of Stroke

Stroke symptoms appear suddenly and may include:

- Weakness or numbness on one side of the body

- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech

- Blurred or double vision

- Loss of balance or coordination

- Severe headache without known cause

- Confusion or unconsciousness

Use the F.A.S.T. Test:

| Letter | Meaning |

|--------|---------|

| F | Face drooping |

| A | Arm weakness |

| S | Speech difficulty |

| T | Time to call emergency services |

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🧪 Diagnosis of Stroke

Doctors use the following tests:

| Test | Purpose |

|------|---------|

| CT Scan / MRI | Detect bleeding or blockage in the brain |

| Blood Tests | Check sugar, cholesterol, clotting |

| ECG | Detect heart rhythm issues |

| Carotid Ultrasound | Check neck arteries for blockage |

| Brain Angiography | Visualize brain blood vessels |

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💊 Treatment of Stroke

For Ischemic Stroke:

- tPA injection (within 3–4.5 hours): dissolves clots

- Mechanical thrombectomy: removes clot via catheter

- Blood thinners: prevent future clots

For Hemorrhagic Stroke:

- Blood pressure control

- Surgery: to stop bleeding or relieve pressure

- Clipping or coiling: to seal ruptured vessels

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🏥 Recovery & Rehabilitation

- Physical therapy: regain movement

- Speech therapy: improve communication

- Occupational therapy: daily task training

- Mental health support: manage depression or anxiety

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🏠 Supportive Remedies (Complementary)

These are not substitutes for medical care but may help recovery:

- Turmeric & Garlic: anti-inflammatory

- Omega-3 (fish, walnuts): brain health

- Green tea / Ginger: circulation support

- Yoga & Meditation: stress relief

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✅ Prevention Tips

- Control blood pressure, sugar, and cholesterol

- Exercise regularly

- Eat a balanced diet

- Quit smoking

- Manage stress

- Get regular checkups